Non-compliance with the Contract Labour (R&A) Act, 1970 attracts significant penalties under Chapter VI of the Act: (1) A principal employer operating a covered establishment without registration under Section 7 is punishable under Section 9 with imprisonment up to 3 months, or a fine up to Rs 1,000, or both; (2) A contractor operating without a valid licence under Section 12 is punishable under Section 23 with imprisonment up to 3 months, or a fine up to Rs 1,000, or both; (3) Contravention of any provision of the Act or the applicable Rules (including register maintenance, wage payment procedures, welfare facilities) is punishable under Section 23 with similar penalties. For continuing contraventions, an additional fine of up to Rs 100 per day can be imposed. It is important to note that pending the operationalisation of the Labour Codes, the existing CLRA Act 1970 penalties remain in force.